Research on World Agricultural Economy

Labor Dynamics and Productivity in High-Value Crop Farming: Evidence from Melon Growers in Nueva Ecija, Philippines

Dave Mayuga Pastorfide

College of Management and Business Technology, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, San Isidro Campus, San Isidro 3106, Philippines

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36956/rwae.v7i2.2873

Received: 28 October 2025 | Revised: 16 January 2026 | Accepted: 30 January 2026 | Published Online: 25 May 2026

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Abstract

High-value melon farming in Nueva Ecija is a cornerstone of the province’s agrarian economy and rural livelihoods, yet its sustainability is threatened by labor shortages, workforce aging, and youth disengagement. Understanding labor dynamics and their impact on productivity is essential for promoting inclusive and resilient agricultural growth. This study employed a descriptive-quantitative design, using Migration Theory and the Resource-Based View (RBV) to examine the labor status and productivity of 38 melon growers in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Results from descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis show that age, farming experience, skill level, and labor adequacy positively influence yield and profitability, highlighting the strategic importance of human capital. Conversely, rising wage costs, declining youth participation, and low succession interest constrain productivity, as the limited willingness of the next generation to continue farming reduces labor continuity, delays adoption of modern techniques, and weakens long-term farm management. These findings align with Migration Theory, illustrating how rural–urban and overseas migration exacerbate labor depletion and demographic imbalances. While experienced farmers maintain short-term productivity, limited succession interest threatens long-term competitiveness. Overall, labor composition, demographic shifts, and generational engagement critically shape agricultural performance and progress toward SDG 1 and SDG 8.

 

Keywords: Agricultural Sustainability; Agricultural Succession; Labor Dynamics and Productivity; Melon Farming; Migration Theory; Resource‑Based View; SDG 1—No Poverty; SDG 8—Decent Work and Economic Growth

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